Background Musculus gastrocnemius tightness (MGT) can be diagnosed by comparing ankle dorsiflexion (ADF) with the knee extended and flexed. Although various measurement techniques exist, the degree of knee flexion needed to eliminate the effect of the gastrocnemius on ADF is still unknown. The aim of this study was to identify the minimal degree of knee flexion required to eliminate the restricting effect of the musculus gastrocnemius on ADF. Methods Bilateral ADF of 20 asymptomatic volunteers aged 18-40 years (50% female) was assessed prospectively at six different degrees of knee flexion (0°, 20°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 75°, Lunge). Tests were performed following a standardized protocol, non weightbearing and weightbearing, by two observers. Statistics comprised of descriptive statistics, t-tests, repeated measurement ANOVA and ICC. Results 20 individuals with a mean age of 27 ± 4 years were tested. No significant side to side differences were observed. The average ADF [95% confidence interval] for non weightbearing was 4° [1°-8°] with the knee extended and 20° [16°-24°] for the knee 75° flexed. Mean weightbearing ADF was 25° [22°-28°] for the knee extended and 39° [36°-42°] for the knee 75° flexed. The mean differences between 20° knee flexion and full extension were 15° [12°-18°] non weightbearing and 13° [11°-16°] weightbearing. Significant differences of ADF were only found between full extension and 20° of knee flexion. Further knee flexion did not increase ADF. Conclusion Knee flexion of 20° fully eliminates the ADF restraining effect of the gastrocnemius. This knowledge is essential to design a standardized clinical examination assessing MGT.
Left): Anatomic Landmarks to measure ankle dorsiflexion. The long
体能资讯|下肢肌肉延展性测试-给私人教练的回顾_手机搜狐网
Opportunities and challenges in the development of exoskeletons for locomotor assistance
Applied Sciences, Free Full-Text
The influence of knee position on ankle dorsiflexion - a biometric study, BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders
Sports, Free Full-Text
PDF) The influence of knee position on ankle dorsiflexion - A biometric study
The influence of knee position on ankle dorsiflexion - a biometric study
Gastrocnemius Contracture in Patients With and Without Foot Pathology - James R. Jastifer, Jessica Marston, 2016
Development and validation of a novel ankle joint musculoskeletal model
Inter-rater reliability and validity of angle measurements using smartphone applications for weight-bearing ankle dorsiflexion range of motion measurements - ScienceDirect
Inter-rater reliability and validity of angle measurements using smartphone applications for weight-bearing ankle dorsiflexion range of motion measurements - ScienceDirect
The Forgotten Plantar Flexor: Training the Soleus